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传统腹腔镜技术需要多个5~10mm穿刺操作通道,由此引起的出血,穿刺通道疝以及多个穿刺通道术后瘢痕,逐渐引起泌尿外科医生的重视,从而产生了单孔腹腔镜,然而国内泌尿外科以后腹腔镜技术为主,后腹腔单孔技术丧失了美容方面的优势,并且由于操作习惯的改变,术中器械的相互影响,限制了其推广应用。采用微通道后腹腔镜技术,通过引入3mm操作通道,减少了传统腹腔镜大通道的操作孔径,降低了穿刺通道引起的出血、疝等并发症;同时避免了单孔后腹腔镜在小标本手术时大切口对肌肉的损伤,满足了美容方面的要求;微通道后腹腔镜技术可以保持传统腹腔镜的操作习惯,减少了对术者的影响。本文综述了微通道后腹腔镜技术的发展过程以及其在泌尿外科的应用。
Conventional laparoscopic techniques require more than 5 ~ 10mm puncture access, resulting in bleeding, puncture channel hernia and multiple puncture channel scar, gradually urinary surgeons attention, resulting in a single-laparoscopic, but the domestic Laparoscopic surgery after urology, retroperitoneal single hole technology has lost the advantages of beauty, and because of changes in operating habits, the interaction of intraoperative equipment, limiting its promotion and application. The use of microchannel retroperitoneal laparoscopy through the introduction of 3mm operation channel, reducing the traditional laparoscopic large-channel operation aperture, reducing the bleeding caused by puncture channel, hernia and other complications; while avoiding the single-hole laparoscopic surgery in a small sample When a large incision on the muscle damage, to meet the cosmetic requirements; microchannel laparoscopic technique can maintain the traditional laparoscopic operating habits, reducing the impact on the surgeon. This article reviews the development of microchannel retroperitoneal laparoscopy and its application in urology.