利用近垂直地震反射方法研究了在中国满洲里－绥芬河地学断面域内泰康－哈尔滨约１３０ｋｍ范围内地壳结构和莫霍面特征．通过数据采集，定量处理和综合分析，得到以下认识：在野外观测中激发井深和震源能量是主要参数；在资料处理中速度分析与共反射点分布的处理是主要技术．分析莫霍震相可以得到它的层状与似层状内部结构以及起伏、断裂等外形特征．利用傅立叶谱、时频分析与瞬时信息可更细致地研究莫霍特征．影响莫霍特征与成因的因素主要为分异作用、地幔对流、相变、地球转动和板块运动；其中地幔对流和相变是形成莫霍的主要因素． The near-vertical seismic reflection method was used to study the crustal structure and Moho features within a range of 130 km from Taikang-Harbin in the Manzhouli-Suifenhe geosciences, China. Through data acquisition, quantitative analysis and comprehensive analysis, the following findings are obtained: the well depth and source energy are the main parameters in field observation; the main techniques are velocity analysis and reflection point distribution in data processing. Analysis of the Moho seismic facies can obtain its layered and laminar-like internal structure as well as relief, fracture and other features. Using the Fourier spectrum, time-frequency analysis and instantaneous information can be more detailed study of Moho features. The main factors influencing the characteristics and genesis of Moho are differentiation, mantle convection, phase transformation, earth rotation and plate movement. The convection and phase transformation of mantle are the main factors for the formation of Moho.