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经济权利是由传统的自由权性质的经济自由发展而来的新型权利,它具有国民要求国家积极作为的社会权性质。出于保障公民独立的经济地位的需要,现代宪法中的经济权利是一个具有丰富内涵、逻辑自足的复合权利,主要包括劳动权、财产权、社会保障权。其中财产权是对传统的经济自由的吸纳,劳动权、社会保障权则是新发展出来的社会权,目的在于弥补传统经济自由的机会平等的不足,为公民的独立经济地位的形成创造条件平等。经济权利的宪法保障也呈现出多样性,对财产权的保障仍然延续了传统的妨害请求的模式,而劳动权、社会保障权则依照国情,采用方针条款、宪法委托、制度保障、作为请求等复合模式。就我国宪法来看,经济权利的性质和内涵仍存在争议,宪法保障仍不完善。
Economic rights are new types of rights derived from the free economic freedom of the traditional nature of liberty. They have the social right to require the state to act actively. For the sake of ensuring the independent economic status of citizens, the economic rights in the modern constitution are a complex connotation and self-contained composite rights, including labor rights, property rights and social security rights. Among them, the property right is to absorb the traditional economic freedom. The right to work and social security are the newly developed social rights. The aim is to make up for the lack of equality of opportunity in the traditional economic freedom and create conditions for the formation of the independent economic status of citizens. The constitutional guarantee of economic rights also shows diversity. The protection of property rights still continues the traditional mode of obstructionist request. The right to labor and social security, in accordance with the national conditions, adopts the provisions of the guidelines, the constitutional commission, the system guarantee, and the request as a composite mode. As far as our country’s constitution is concerned, the nature and connotation of economic rights are still in dispute. The constitutional guarantee is still not perfect.