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对在水溶液中不同反应条件下淀粉与2-氯乙醇醚化的反应进行了研究。考察的因素包括碱处理时间与温度、氢氯化钠及2-氯乙醇的用量以及醚化时间与温度。结果表明,碱处理时间超过40min,摩尔取代度没有明显的变化。摩尔取代度随氢氧化钠用量的增加而提高,但达到最大值后则会降低。随醚化时间的延长,摩尔取代度增大,但10h以后则变化不大。醚化温度在53℃时可以得到较高的摩尔取代度。
The reaction of starch with 2-chloroethanol etherification under different reaction conditions in aqueous solution was studied. Factors considered include alkali treatment time and temperature, the amount of sodium chloride and 2-chloroethanol and etherification time and temperature. The results showed that there was no obvious change of molar substitution when the alkali treatment time exceeded 40min. The degree of molar substitution increases with the amount of sodium hydroxide, but decreases when it reaches the maximum. With the extension of etherification time, the molar substitution degree increased, but little changed after 10h. When the etherification temperature is 53 ℃, higher molar substitution can be obtained.