一、国家指导价格的定价主体国家指导价格有两种形态,相应地有两个定价主体。一种形态是主导的指导价格,也就是目标指导价格。它是指由县级以上人民政府物价部门、业务主管部门按照国家规定的权限,以基准价、最高限价、最低保护价、诱导价、预测参考价等形式所制定的价格。它的作用是显示目标,控制保护,诱导约束;它的特征是给予直接的指导信号,处于主导地位。很显然,它的定价主体是国家。国家定价也是以国家为定价主体,但两者是有明显区别的。国家定价管理形式下的价格是指令性价格,具有完全强制 First, the state-guided price of the pricing of the country The guiding price of the country has two forms, correspondingly there are two pricing subjects. One form is the dominant guide price, which is the target guide price. It refers to the prices set by the price departments and competent business departments of the people’s governments above the county level in accordance with the stipulations of the state and in the form of benchmark prices, ceiling prices, minimum protection prices, induced prices, and forecast reference prices. Its role is to display goals, control protection, and induce constraints; it is characterized by giving direct guidance signals and is in a dominant position. Obviously, its main body of pricing is the country. National pricing is also based on the country as the main body of pricing, but there are obvious differences between the two. The price in the form of national pricing management is a mandatory price and is completely mandatory