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中国的特殊改革模式虽然赋予了技术官僚精英以特殊的重要性,但也让他们担当了本不属于他们的额外使命在最后一次复出之后,邓小平曾用他一贯的通俗风格道出一句名言:好的制度能使坏人变好,坏的制度能使好人变坏。作为一位阅尽历史风云的老资格政治家,邓在这里想强调的是,制度对于人的决定性作用。乖戾的是,真实世界的制度从来就不处于非黑即白、非好即坏的两极状态。通常的情况是,我们置身的历史往往处于某种中间状态,它们要么处在坏制度向好制度的转型之中,要么处于好制度向坏制度的衰变之中。这就是说,我们真正置身的历史往往处于那种不断转型的变迁状态。在这种历史情境之中,杰出人物对历史的型塑力量就变得相当醒目。所谓英雄创造历史,意指的就是人在创设新制度方面的巨大能动作用。
Although China’s special reform model gave the technical bureaucracy an extraordinary importance, it also allowed them to assume the extra mission that they did not belong to. After the last comeback, Deng Xiaoping used his usual popular style to make a statement: Good The system can make the bad guys get better, the bad ones can make good people get worse. As an old-time politician who has done historical things, Deng wants to emphasize here that the decisive role played by the system in people. Obediently, the real-world system has never been in a black-and-white, non-good or bad polarization. It is often the case that the histories we are exposed to are often at some intermediate stage, either in the transition from a bad system to a good one or in a decay of a good system to a bad one. This means that our truly personal history is often in the midst of a constantly changing transition. In this historical context, the power of the illustrious figure in history becomes quite striking. The so-called heroic creation of history means that man has a great role in creating a new system.