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为了解甘肃省少数民族大学生体质状况,通过对甘肃省五所高校2010年(19-21岁)4941名男女大学生体质测试结果进行分析,试图找出这一群体体质所存在的问题和原因,为切实提高少数民族大学生体质水平提供理论支持。采用实地测试法、文献资料调研、数理统计法、专家访谈法、比较分析法等,以回族、藏族、东乡族、土族男女大学生作为调研对象,选取身高、体重、肺活量、台阶指数、立位体前屈、50 m作为测试与分析指标。结论:(1)四个民族中,藏族、回族(除个别指标外)整体上体质优于土族和东乡族。(2)藏族、回族男女大学生发育较东乡族、土族好,回族男女大学生身高普遍比藏族男女大学生高(除女子21岁组)。藏族、回族男女体重均值略大于土族和东乡族。(3)藏族、回族男大学生肺活量最大,东乡族最小。藏族女大学生肺活量较其他三个民族大。东乡族男女大学生肺活量最小。土族女大学生心血管系统机能状况好于其他组。(4)藏族和回族男女大学生各年龄组柔韧成绩整体好于土族和东乡族,土族女大学生速度整体较藏族、东乡族快。
In order to understand the physique status of minority college students in Gansu Province, this paper analyzes the constitutional test results of 4941 college students in five universities in Gansu Province in 2010 (19-21 years old) in order to find out the problems and causes of this group physique. Improve the constitutional level of minority college students to provide theoretical support. Using the field test, literature research, mathematical statistics, expert interviews and comparative analysis, taking the Hui, Tibetan, Dongxiang and Tu nationality male and female college students as the research object, the author chooses height, weight, vital capacity, Forward flexion, 50 m as a test and analysis of indicators. Conclusion: (1) Of the four ethnic groups, Tibetan and Hui (except for some indicators) generally have better physical fitness than Tu and Dong people. (2) The male and female college students of Tibetan and Hui nationality developed more than those of Dongxiang nationality and Tu nationality. The male and female college students of Hui nationality were generally higher than Tibetan male and female college students (except for the 21-year-old girl group). The mean weight of Tibetan and Hui men and women is slightly larger than that of Tu and Dong people. (3) Tibetan and Hui male college students have the largest vital capacity and Dongxiang minority. Tibetan female college students than the other three big national lung capacity. Dongxiang male and female students the least vital capacity. The performance of cardiovascular system of Tu nationality college students is better than other groups. (4) The overall scores of Tibetan and Hui male and female college students are better than those of Tu and Dongxiang nationalities. The overall speed of Tu nationality female students is faster than that of Tibetan and Dongxiang nationalities.