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对运动员体能能力的研究一直是国内外体育领域研究的热点问题。进一步加强对运动员体能概念、构成要素的研究,对运动训练理论和实践研究都有着积极的意义。体能受先天遗传和后天训练的影响,体能与心理因素有着密切的联系。体能包括身体形态、机体机能身体素质三大要素,其中机体机能又分为:神经系统机能、肌肉系统机能和能量代谢系统机能,身体素质包括健康素质和运动素质,运动素质又分为:力量素质、速度素质、耐力素质、柔韧素质和灵敏素质。
Research on the physical ability of athletes has been a hot issue in the field of sports at home and abroad. To further strengthen the research on athlete’s physical concepts and constitutional elements has a positive meaning to the theory and practice of athletic training. Physical fitness by acquired genetic and acquired training, physical and psychological factors are closely linked. Physical fitness includes body shape and body function. The body function is divided into: nervous system function, muscular system function and energy metabolism system function. Physical quality includes health quality and sports quality, and sports quality is divided into: strength quality , Speed quality, endurance quality, flexible quality and sensitive quality.