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中上新世是占气候研究领域的重要时期,研究此时期气候能为理解地球气候系统和预估未来气候变化提供帮助。利用美国国家大气研究中心研发的通用气候系统模式的平板海洋模式组件CCSM4-SOM,模拟了相对于工业革命前期,大气CO_2浓度、地形和地表类型改变对中上新世气候增暖的不同影响。结果表明,地形改变对全球年平均地表气温影响较小,但在地形降低较大区域其增温效果十分明显;大气CO_2浓度增加导致全球年均地表气温显著增加,而且全球各纬度均有增温,由于海冰反馈作用,两半球高纬海域增温更为显著;地表类型改变在北半球高纬增温效应最为明显,部分地区增温幅度已超过大气CO_2浓度增加所引起的增幅。总体来看,大气CO_2浓度增加所引起的增温效应在全球年平均和全年纬向平均上表现显著,但在高纬局地区域,它的影响并没有地形和地表类型改变的影响大。
The Pliocene is an important period in the field of climate research. The study of the climate during this period can help to understand the Earth’s climate system and predict the future climate change. Using the CCSM4-SOM, a flat-ocean model component of the universal climate system model developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, we simulate the different effects of climate change on the Pliocene over the pre-industrial revolution, changes in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, topography and surface types. The results show that the change of terrain has little effect on the annual mean surface air temperature globally, but the warming effect is obvious in the area where the terrain declines greatly. The increase of atmospheric CO 2 concentration leads to a significant increase of global average annual surface air temperature and global warming , The sea surface ice feedback is more obvious in the high latitudes of the two hemispheres. The change of surface types is most obvious in the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere, and the temperature increase in some areas has exceeded the increase caused by the increase of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. Overall, the warming effect caused by the increase of atmospheric CO 2 concentration is significant in the annual global and annual zonal average, but it is not affected by topography and surface type changes in the high latitudes.