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目的了解甲型副伤寒沙门菌在蛏子、水体及物体表面等外环境中的存活力,为防控甲型副伤寒的流行提供实验依据。方法将活蛏养殖在适量甲型副伤寒沙门菌污染的海水中,观察不同温度下甲型副伤寒沙门菌在蛏体内的存活时间;在海水、井水、河水、污水、自来水中加入适量甲型副伤寒沙门菌后保存,分别观察不同温度情况下甲型副伤寒沙门菌存活时间;在玻璃表面污染适量甲型副伤寒沙门菌,自然干燥后,置于不同温度保存,观察甲型副伤寒沙门菌存活时间。结果甲型副伤寒沙门菌在4~8℃养殖的蛏子体内可存活10 d以上;在井水、河水、污水中可存活3 d,在自来水中<6 h,在27℃以下海水中存活3~5 d,在27℃以上海水中可存活1~2 d,在干燥非吸水性物体表面存活1~2 d。结论甲型副伤寒沙门菌在实验蛏体内可存活至蛏子死亡,在温度较低海水中的存活时间比井水、河水、污水、自来水长,环境温度越高死亡越快。
Objective To understand the viability of Salmonella paratyphi A in the external environment such as prickly heat, water and the surface of objects, and to provide experimental evidence for the prevention and control of the epidemic of Paratyphoid. Methods Live deer were cultured in seawater contaminated with Salmonella paratyphi A, and the survival time of Salmonella paratyphi A in Trichosanthes sumanthus at different temperatures was observed. In seawater, well water, river water, sewage and tap water, Salmonella paratyphi after preservation, respectively, to observe the survival of Salmonella Paratyphi A different temperature conditions; in the glass surface contamination of the amount of Salmonella Paratyphi A, naturally dried, stored at different temperatures, observed Paratyphoid A Salmonella survival time. Results Salmonella paratyphi A could survive for more than 10 days in the body of prickly heat raised at 4 ~ 8 ℃. It could survive for 3 days in well water, river water and sewage, <6 h in tap water, and survive in seawater below 27 ℃ 3 ~ 5 days, it can survive for 1 ~ 2 days in seawater above 27 ℃ and survive for 1 ~ 2 days on the surface of dry non-water-absorbing objects. Conclusion Salmonella paratyphi A can survive to the death of razor clam in the body of test tube. The survival time in seawater with lower temperature is longer than that of well water, river water, sewage and tap water. The higher the ambient temperature, the faster the death.