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利用聚合酶链反应，对１２５例呼吸疾病患者进行痰液中结核杆菌ＤＮＡ（ＴＢ－ＤＮＡ）片段的检测。结果显示：ＰＣＲ方法对活动性肺结核的诊断敏感性为８６．６７％，特异性为９４．９２％。陈旧性肺结核２例阳性。有６例患者痰ＴＢ－ＤＮＡ阳性，胸片未发现结核病灶。认为，ＰＣＲ方法为肺结核诊断提供了一项灵敏特异的诊断手段，而且在呼吸系统常见病的鉴别诊断上亦具有重要价值。
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the TB DNA in sputum from 125 patients with respiratory diseases. The results showed that the diagnostic sensitivity of PCR to active tuberculosis was 86.67% and the specificity was 94.92%. Two cases of old tuberculosis were positive. Six patients had positive sputum TB-DNA and no tuberculosis on chest radiograph. That PCR method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis provides a sensitive and specific diagnostic tools, but also in the differential diagnosis of common respiratory diseases also have important value.