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目的了解佛山市南海平洲居民两周患病情况,为当地合理配置卫生资源提供科学依据。方法 2010年8—10月对平洲地区用分层随机抽样的方法,按照经济水平不同,随机抽取6个村/居委会的1 753户进行入户调查,采用全国卫生服务调查问卷,问卷内容主要包括社会人口学特征、家庭经济状况、居住条件、生活环境和生活方式,卫生服务可及性及家庭成员的医疗保障制度等,并调查前两周内患病的相关情况,并采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果实际调查居民4 746人,男性2 326人,女性2 420人。两周患病率为26.86%,其中男性为25.19%,女性为28.47%,女性高于男性(P<0.05),疾病发生在两周内的有434人,占患病总人数的34.04%(434/1 275),疾病两周前发生延续到两周内的占65.96%(841/1 275)。居民年龄组别的两周患病率呈现出两端高、中间低的“V”字型。不同文化程度、职业居民两周患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。居民两周患病率位居前5位的疾病依次为循环系统(10.35%)、呼吸系统(5.18%)、内分泌营养代谢系统(2.25%)、肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织(2.21%)、消化系统(1.96%)。居民两周患病就诊率为68.86%(878/1 275),就诊单位中,主要选择镇医院或二级医院占59.45%(522/878),社区卫生服务站占30.52%(268/878),三级或专科医院占5.69%(50/878)。结论南海平洲居民两周患病率较高,应深化医疗卫生体制改革,加强基层医疗单位的卫生工作,针对各种因素进行健康教育,全面提高居民健康水平。
Objective To understand the two-week prevalence of residents in Nanhai Pingpu, Foshan, and provide a scientific basis for the rational allocation of health resources in the local area. Methods From July to October 2010, stratified random sampling was used in Pingzhou area. According to the different economic level, 1,753 households in 6 villages / neighborhoods were randomly selected for household survey, and the questionnaire of the national health service was used. The main content of the questionnaire Including socio-demographic characteristics, family economic status, living conditions, living environment and lifestyle, health service accessibility and family members’ medical insurance system, and to investigate the prevalence in the first two weeks and adopt descriptive epidemics Pathology method for analysis. Results The actual survey population was 4 746, including 2 326 males and 2 420 females. The prevalence rate of two weeks was 26.86%, of which 25.19% were males and 28.47% females, and higher than males (P <0.05). The incidence of disease in two weeks was 434, accounting for 34.04% of the total 434/1 275), 65.96% (841/1 275) of the disease that lasted two weeks prior to two weeks. The two-week prevalence of the residents’ age group showed a “V” shape with high ends and low center. The prevalence of occupational two-week prevalence among different education levels was statistically significant (P <0.01). The prevalence rates of the residents in the top two weeks were as follows: circulatory system (10.35%), respiratory system (5.18%), endocrine nutritional metabolism system (2.25%), musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (2.21%), System (1.96%). The two-week resident visiting rate was 68.86% (878/1 275). The main choice of town or secondary hospital was 59.45% (522/878) and the community health service station was 30.52% (268/878) , Tertiary or specialist hospitals accounted for 5.69% (50/878). Conclusion The residents in Nanhai Pingpu County have a high prevalence for two weeks and should deepen the reform of health care system, strengthen the health work of grass-roots medical units, carry out health education according to various factors, and comprehensively improve residents’ health.