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目的掌握本地区青少年学生的体质健康状况,探讨发展趋势,提高学校体育卫生工作水平。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对7～17岁共计4976名中小学生进行了形态机能指标调查分析,并与1995年本地同类资料进行比较。结果生长发育的各项指标都随年龄增加而增加,发育速度呈波浪式。机能指标肺活量均值随年龄的增长而增加。7～17岁男、女生身高发育分别增长了4.08cm和1.87cm,与10年前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男、女生体重发育平均增加3.23kg和1.12kg,与10年前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男女胸围发育22个年龄组中有5个年龄组胸围均值呈负增长,男生10年平均增长1.45cm,女生平均增长0.42cm。结论通过青少年学生形态指标监测,可以有效指导提高青少年体质的方法。
Objective To grasp the physical health status of young students in this area, discuss the development trend and improve the level of physical education and health work in schools. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the morphological and functional indexes of 4976 primary and middle school students aged 7-17 years and compared with the same kind of local data in 1995. Results All the indexes of growth and development increased with the increase of age, and the growth rate was wavy. Functional indicators of vital capacity mean increase with age. The height growth of male and female 7 ~ 17 years old increased by 4.08cm and 1.87cm, respectively, compared with 10 years ago (P <0.01). The average weight gain of male and female increased by 3.23kg and 1.12kg, Before the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The bust average of 5 age groups of 22 age groups was negatively increased. The male average growth rate was 1.45cm in 10 years and that of female students was 0.42cm. Conclusion The monitoring of adolescent students ’morphological indicators can effectively guide the methods of improving adolescents’ physique.