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将热带太平洋表面水温的时空变化视为各种波动的合成,用频率一波数谱方法进行分析,得到三个方面结果。1.各种波动的时空谱特征是:主峰集中于低频段和低波数上,随频数和波数的增加谱值迅速衰减;同一频率一波数下,西退波大于东进波的情况居多。2.各种波动的比重和位置是:准静止波甚微,瞬变波占绝大多数;驻波占瞬变波的13％,移动波占87％,东进波占瞬变波的42％,西退波占44％;静止波的波脊在93°W,驻波的波腹居93°W。3.主要波动与埃尔尼诺事件密切相关,并能解释一些现象(1)波动周期与埃尔尼诺/南方涛动的周期是相近的;(2)波动波幅与同一频率下埃尔尼诺/南方涛动的幅度是相近的;(3)波动的波向、传播的距离和历时与埃尔尼诺的运动是相近的;(4)准静止波波脊和驻波波腹出现在90°W附近,从而加强了该处的波动,这与埃尔尼诺事件在南美洲沿岸的温度变幅为最大是一致的。
The spatio-temporal variations of water surface temperature in the tropical Pacific are regarded as the synthesis of various fluctuations, and the results of the three aspects are obtained by using the frequency-wave number spectrum method. 1. The characteristics of the time-space spectrum of various fluctuations are: the main peak concentrates on the low frequency band and the low wave number, decay rapidly with the increase of the frequency and the wave number; in the case of the same frequency and the number of waves, the west-going wave is larger than the east-wave. 2. The proportion and location of various fluctuations are: quasi-stationary wave is very small, the vast majority of transient waves; standing waves accounted for 13% of transient waves, mobile waves accounted for 87%, eastward waves accounted for transient wave 42 %, And the westward waves account for 44%. The wave ridges of stationary waves are at 93 ° W and the antinodes of standing waves are 93 ° W. 3. The major fluctuations are closely related to the El Niño event and explain some of the phenomena (1) the period of the fluctuation cycle is similar to that of the El Niño / Southern Oscillation; (2) the fluctuation amplitude is similar to that of the El Niño (3) the wave direction of the wave, the distance and duration of the wave propagation are similar to those of El Niño; (4) the quasi-stationary wave ridge and the standing wave antinode appear in the Around 90 ° W, thus strengthening the fluctuations there, consistent with the maximum temperature fluctuation of the El Niño coast in South America.