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清洁压裂液是一种无聚合物的黏弹性液体。其稠化剂为特定的表面活性剂,这些表面活性剂分子溶解在盐水中会形成棒状胶束,依靠胶束间相互缠绕形成的三维网状结构达到有效携砂;烃类物质能破坏表面活性剂的胶束结构,不需要外加破胶剂。因此,清洁压裂液的交联、携砂和破胶等原理都不同于常规压裂液。本文综述了清洁压裂液的增稠原理、流变性能、破胶性能,以及未来发展趋势。
Clean fracturing fluid is a polymer-free viscoelastic liquid. The thickener is a specific surfactant, these surfactant molecules dissolved in salt water will form a rod-like micelles, relying on the three-dimensional mesh structure formed by intertwined micelles to effectively carry sand; hydrocarbons can damage the surface activity The micellar structure of the agent does not require the addition of a breaker. Therefore, the principle of cross-linking of clean fracturing fluid, carrying sand and broken gel are different from the conventional fracturing fluid. This paper summarizes the thickening principle, rheological properties, gel breaking properties and future development trend of clean fracturing fluid.