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为促进浙江省茶树育种的发展,利用SSR引物对浙江省茶树育成品种的遗传多样性进行了研究,筛选出可用于鉴别浙江省茶树品种的核心鉴定引物和标准品种,并进一步应用于未知茶苗身份鉴定。首先,利用35对SSR引物研究了36个茶树育成品种,并进行聚类分析;然后,根据电泳谱带和基因型筛选出核心鉴定引物和标准品种;最后,对4株未知茶苗进行了身份鉴定。结果表明:共有34对引物表现出多态性,各品种基本按遗传背景聚类,重复样本间遗传距离介于0~0.094;有10对引物确定为核心鉴定引物,8个品种为标准品种;4株未知身份茶苗中,NH-01属于乌牛早品种,另外3株并非浙江现有品种。本研究认为,核心鉴定引物在两个浙江育成品种间差异引物对≥2时,应判定为不同品种;差异引物对≤1时,应判定为相同品种或极相似品种,必要时应引入其余24对引物计算遗传距离进一步验证,遗传距离>0.140判定为不同品种,遗传距离≤0.140判定为同一品种。
In order to promote the development of tea tree breeding in Zhejiang Province, the genetic diversity of tea cultivars in Zhejiang Province was studied by using SSR primers. The core identification primers and standard varieties that could be used for identification of tea plant varieties in Zhejiang Province were screened and further applied to unknown tea plants Identification. First of all, 36 cultivars of tea tree cultivars were studied using 35 pairs of SSR primers and clustering analysis was conducted. Then, core identification primers and standard varieties were screened based on electrophoretic bands and genotypes. Finally, four unknown tea seedlings were identified Identification. The results showed that a total of 34 pairs of primers showed polymorphism, and the genetic clustering was basically based on genetic background. The genetic distance between repeated samples ranged from 0 to 0.094. Ten pairs of primers were identified as core identification primers and eight were standard varieties. Among the 4 unknown tea plants, NH-01 belonged to Wanyu early breed, and the other 3 strains were not existing varieties in Zhejiang. This study suggests that the core identification primers should be judged as different varieties when the difference primer pairs of two Zhejiang breeding varieties are ≥2; when the difference primer pairs ≤1, they should be judged as the same variety or very similar varieties, and when necessary, the remaining 24 The further verification of the genetic distance of the primers was carried out. The genetic distance> 0.140 was judged as different varieties, and the genetic distance ≤0.140 was judged as the same variety.