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地震断层的破裂速度是地球物理学和地震学研究中重要的一个参数,以往的相关研究多是基于或者关注于断层破裂速度小于或接近于剪切波速时的情况,但是随着宽频带地震学的发展,在实际地震中已经观测到了一些超剪切波破裂速度的地震。为了解地震超剪切破裂相关研究的现状和发展趋势,基于大量相关研究文献,从地震超剪切破裂的概念、断层的极限破裂速度和超剪切破裂的初步原因出发,综述了地震超剪切破裂在地震观测数据、实验室实验、理论分析以及数值模拟等方面的研究现状,并提出了一些需要探讨和进一步研究的问题。
The rupture velocity of seismic fault is an important parameter in geophysical and seismological studies. Previous studies mostly focused on or focused on fault rupture velocity less than or close to shear wave velocity. However, with the wideband seismology In the actual earthquakes, some earthquakes of super shear wave velocity have been observed. In order to understand the status quo and development trend of research on the super shear failure of the earthquake, based on a large amount of relevant research literature, based on the concept of super shear fracture, the ultimate fracture speed of the fault and the primary cause of super shear failure, The research status of shear fracture in seismic observation data, laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and put forward some issues that need to be explored and further studied.