河北省总面积18.7万平方公里,耕地近亿亩,属大陆性半干旱季风气候。农业受洪、涝、旱、碱影响,尤其是“十年九旱”,农业生产条件差。解放初期全省仅有1 100多万亩水浇地,农业产量很低。1949年粮食总产46.5亿公斤,棉花总产1.08亿公斤。那时是“遇涝水多排不出,遇旱想水盼不来。”群众过着饥寒交迫,糠菜半年粮的贫困生活。 Hebei Province has a total area of ​​187,000 square kilometers and arable land of nearly 100 million mu. It belongs to the continental semi-arid monsoon climate. Agriculture is affected by floods, waterlogging, drought and alkalis, especially the “Nine Decades of Nine Decades” with poor agricultural production conditions. In the early days of the liberation, there were only over 11 million mu of irrigated land in the province, with a very low agricultural output. The total grain output in 1949 was 4.65 billion kilograms, with a total cotton output of 108 million kilograms. At that time, it was “when the waterlogging was overwhelmed, it would not come if it was drought.” The masses live in hunger and cold, and the poor livelihoods of the bran and vegetables for six months.