清华大学核能技术研究所研究与建造的我国第一座5兆瓦低温核供热试验反应堆于1989年11月11日启动运行成功。这是我国在核能开发和利用领域取得的一项突破性进展。这个反应堆采用一体化自然循环壳式轻水堆方案,具有优异的固有安全特性。反应堆设置有压力壳和安全壳双重安全屏障,并没有中间隔离回路,因而既简单可行,又安全可靠。5兆瓦堆还采用了新型水力驱动控制棒系统,这种控制棒为我国所独创、也是世界上首次成功地应用于反应堆的新型控制棒系统。5兆瓦低温核供热堆的主要设备均为国产;也是世界上第一座投入运行的壳式核供热堆,技术上达到了国际先进水平。低温核供热堆是近年来出现的专门用于城市集中供热供暖的,安全性能好的新型核动力堆。它为核能的和平利用开辟了一条新途径。目前,苏联、加拿大、联邦德国、瑞士等十多个国家已经开展了低温核供热堆研究,除苏联外,大都处于工程设计阶段。5兆瓦低温堆的建成和运行成功,使我 The first 5MW low-temperature nuclear heat test reactor researched and constructed by the Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology of Tsinghua University was successfully started on November 11, 1989. This is a breakthrough made by our country in the field of nuclear energy development and utilization. The reactor uses an integrated natural circulation shell light water reactor program, with excellent inherent safety features. The reactor is equipped with a dual safety barrier for pressure and containment and no intermediate isolation circuit, making it simple, safe and reliable. The 5MW stack also incorporates a new hydraulically driven control rod system, which is unique to our country and the first of its kind in the world to be successfully used in reactors. 5 MW low-temperature nuclear reactor heating equipment are mainly made in China; is also the world’s first put into operation shell nuclear reactor, technically reached the international advanced level. The low-temperature nuclear heating reactor is a new type of nuclear power reactor that has emerged in recent years and is specially used for urban central heating and heating and has good safety performance. It opens up a new avenue for the peaceful use of nuclear energy. At present, the Soviet Union, Canada, the Federal Republic of Germany, Switzerland and other more than 10 countries have carried out low-temperature nuclear heating reactor research, with the exception of the Soviet Union, mostly in the engineering design stage. The 5 MW low temperature reactor was built and operated successfully to keep me