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基于体外活体染色技术、低渗肿胀试验和水试验原理建立的伊红Y水试验方法可同步检测精子头部和尾部、精子膜结构和功能的完整性,在中国已被临床广泛应用。伊红Y水试验方法学上的3个特点包括:1同时对精子头部和尾部进行检测,全面评估精子膜各部位损伤的内在联系,便于观察;2用蒸馏水代替常用的配方溶液,避免不同渗透压或不同比例糖和电解质溶液对精子膜有不同作用影响水分子通过精子膜,既简化了方法,又使反应标准化;3检测时间短,可以重复检测,适合治疗前后反复检测。本文综述伊红Y水试验法的基本方法及其改进,在精子功能检查、男性不育常规精液分析、睾丸穿刺精子质量评估、精液冷冻保存程序研究、受微波辐射男性精子膜完整性等相关研究方面的应用。
Based on in vitro biochemical staining, hypotonic swelling test and water test, Yishui Y water test can detect the integrity of sperm head and tail, sperm membrane structure and function simultaneously and has been widely used clinically in China. Eosin Y water test methodology of the three characteristics include: 1 at the same time on the sperm head and tail detection, a comprehensive assessment of the sperm membrane injury of the internal contact, easy to observe; 2 with distilled water instead of commonly used formula solution to avoid different Osmotic pressure or different proportions of sugar and electrolyte solution on the sperm membrane have different effects on the water molecules through the sperm membrane, not only simplifies the method, but also to standardize the reaction; 3 detection time is short, can be repeated testing, suitable for repeated testing before and after treatment. In this paper, the basic methods and improvements of Yishui Y water test method are reviewed. In the aspects of sperm function test, routine sperm analysis of male infertility, testicular puncture sperm quality assessment, semen cryopreservation procedure, male sperm membrane integrity under microwave irradiation Application.