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能引起精神病的药物有两大类,即常用药及抗精神病药。常用药多引起中毒性精神病如农药有机磷中毒、阿的平中毒、合霉素中毒性精神病等。其它各种抗寄生虫药、抗结核药及避孕药等亦可引起,但为数甚少。抗精神病药物引起的精神病多为治疗中的副作用,易于误诊,但停药后即可减轻或消失,其中以强安定剂及长效制剂最为常见。本文分别简述发病机制与症状,并讨论了诊断与鉴别诊断及治疗。
There are two broad categories of drugs that can cause mental illness, commonly used drugs and antipsychotics. Commonly used drugs cause more toxic psychosis such as pesticide organophosphate poisoning, Arabian poisoning, hypoxemia toxic psychosis. A variety of other anti-parasitic drugs, anti-TB drugs and contraceptives can also cause, but a small number. Psychiatric disorders caused by antipsychotics are mostly side effects of treatment and are easy to be misdiagnosed. However, they can be relieved or disappeared after stopping the treatment, of which the most common are the strong stabilizers and long-acting agents. This article briefly describes the pathogenesis and symptoms, and discusses the diagnosis and differential diagnosis and treatment.