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未来主义(Futurism)是指本世纪早期发生在意大利的一场文艺运动及思潮。未来主义者标榜创新,否认过去,反对所谓“中产阶级浪漫主义的柔情”。1909年,诗人马利奈蒂发表了《未来主义的诞生及其宣言》,声称“我们要摧毁博物馆、图书馆。我们反对道德说教,反对男女平等,反对形形色色的功利主义的懦弱。”在诗歌创作上,要求打破传统句法与正常韵律;将杂乱无章的名词与原形动词拼凑在一起,既不用连词,也不用标点;随意罗列现象,从表示粗嘎声音的象声词到艰深的数学公式皆可入诗。绘画雕塑则强调运动感、力感和立体风格。未来主义在二十年代对苏联的影响最甚。
Futurism refers to a literary movement and trend of thought that took place in Italy in the early part of this century. Futurists flaunt innovation, denying the past and opposing the so-called “tenderness of middle-class romanticism.” In 1909, the poet Marinette published “The Birth of Futurism and Its Declaration,” stating that “we want to destroy museums and libraries. We oppose moral preaching, oppose equality between men and women, and oppose the cowardice of utilitarianism in all its forms.” In poetry writing , Requires breaking the traditional syntax and the normal rhythm; putting chaotic nouns together with the original verbs without using conjunctions or punctuation; and random listing of phenomena, from onomatopoeia that expresses coarse sound to hard mathematical formulas. The sculpture emphasizes the sense of movement, strength and three-dimensional style. Futurism had the worst impact on the Soviet Union in the 1920s.