1965年Fowler等在澳大利亚报道了由自由生活阿米巴引起的原发性阿米巴脑膜脑炎。这些阿米巴主要侵袭大脑的前叶、嗅叶及小脑。阿米巴从鼻粘膜侵入,可能是鼻内滴注含有阿米巴的新鲜水所致。经研究表明这些是属于纳氏(Naegleria)属的阿米巴。至今已有80多例的报导,其中大多数经鉴定是纳氏属,另外一些是属于哈氏棘阿米巴(Acanthamoeba-Hartmannella)属。对阿米巴的 In 1965, Fowler et al reported in Australia the primary amoebic meningoencephalitis caused by free-living amoeba. These amoeba mainly affects the anterior segment of the brain, olfactory lobes, and cerebellum. Amoeba invades from the nasal mucosa, possibly due to intranasal instillation of fresh water containing amoeba. Studies have shown that these are the amoeba belonging to the genus Naegleria. So far, more than 80 cases have been reported, most of which have been identified as Nasturtium and others belonging to the genus Acanthamoeba-Hartmannella. For amoeba