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目的为了解2009—2012年贵州省黔西南州传染病突发公共卫生事件(简称突发事件)的特点和流行规律,为采取预防和控制措施提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法,对国家《突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统》报告及现场流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。结果 2009—2012年共报告传染病突发事件67起,报告病例1 701例,死亡11例。事件主要发生在学校(73.13%),其中以呼吸道传染病为主(97.96%);发生场所在乡镇和村级的小学和中学,报告病例较多,占90.59%。67起事件有实验室检测的事件占65.67%;及时进行网络报告的占33.33%,其中信息填报完整的占29.59%,不完整的占70.41%;从事件发生至报告属地疾病预防控制中心时间中位数为6.00 d。结论学校是传染病突发事件多发场所,特别是农村学校是重点场所,甲型H1N1流感、水痘、流行性腮腺炎、风疹、流行性感冒呼吸道传染病是报告中的主要病种。
Objective To understand the characteristics and epidemic patterns of public health emergencies (referred to as emergencies) in Qianxinan Prefecture in Guizhou Province from 2009 to 2012 and provide a scientific basis for preventive and control measures. Methods Using the description of epidemiological methods, a statistical analysis of the national “public health incident management information system” report and on-site epidemiological survey data was conducted. Results A total of 67 cases of infectious diseases were reported from 2009 to 2012, 1 701 cases were reported and 11 died. The main incidents occurred in schools (73.13%), of which infectious diseases were mainly respiratory diseases (97.96%). The primary and secondary schools where the township and village were located reported more cases, accounting for 90.59%. 67 events accounted for 65.67% of the total laboratory tests; 33.33% of the respondents reported in a timely manner, of which 29.59% completed the information filing and 70.41% incomplete; and from the time of reporting the incident to the CDC time The number of digits is 6.00 d. Conclusions The school is a frequent site of infectious disease emergencies, especially rural schools are the key places. Influenza A (H1N1), chickenpox, mumps, rubella and influenza are the main reported diseases.