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哥伦比亚是拉美地区经济发展相对稳定的国家之一。 2 0世纪 90年代末 ,哥伦比亚经济发展速度放慢 ,1 999年出现严重的经济衰退。其经济衰退的原因主要包括 :贸易和金融自由化使国内信贷急剧扩张 ,实际利率居高不下 ;扩张性财政支出使公共部门出现高财政赤字 ;汇率动荡不定 ,国际收支经常项目失衡 ;私人部门外债沉重 ;暴力和毒品走私恶化了国内环境 ,自然灾害加剧了经济困难 ;亚洲、俄罗斯的金融危机和巴西的金融动荡以及邻国的经济衰退 ,是导致哥伦比亚经济下滑的外部因素。
Colombia is one of the relatively stable economies in Latin America. In the late 1990s, the pace of economic development in Colombia slowed down, causing a serious economic recession in 1999. The causes of its economic downturn mainly include: the rapid expansion of domestic credit by trade and financial liberalization; the high real interest rate; the expansion of public expenditure resulting in high fiscal deficits; the volatile exchange rate and the imbalance of the current balance of payments; the private sector Heavy external debt; violence and drug smuggling have exacerbated the domestic environment; natural disasters have exacerbated economic difficulties; and the financial crisis in Asia and Russia, as well as the financial turmoil in Brazil and the economic recession in neighboring countries, have been the external factors contributing to the slump in Colombia’s economy.