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【目的】水杨酸和茉莉酸在植物诱导防御虫害反应中发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在探讨水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导葡萄对根瘤蚜的抗性。【方法】以盆栽巨峰为试材,在接种葡萄根瘤蚜Daktulosphaira vitifoliae的同时喷施水杨酸和茉莉酸,测定和评估了对根瘤蚜生长发育及产卵量的影响,以及对葡萄根系抗氧化相关酶[过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)]活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、新梢生长量及光合速率的影响。【结果】水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导处理显著降低了根瘤蚜卵量及下代1,2龄若蚜总数,接种35 d后根瘤蚜的产卵量分别减少了41.35%和50.00%,1龄和2龄若蚜总数分别减少了42.31%和50.00%;根瘤蚜侵染后根系中POD和CAT活性均呈先升高后降低的趋势,且水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导处理在各测定时期均高于仅接种根瘤蚜处理;水杨酸和茉莉酸处理的根系中MDA含量在各测定时期均低于仅接种根瘤蚜处理;水杨酸和茉莉酸处理降低了根瘤蚜侵染对植株地上部生长及光合的抑制。接种处理后第30天,仅接种根瘤蚜处理的植株地上部生长量减少了48.11%,光合速率降低了58.77%,而水杨酸和茉莉酸处理后的新梢生长量分别减少了31.57%和25.71%,光合速率分别降低了32.89%和24.67%。【结论】叶片喷洒茉莉酸和水杨酸能够降低根瘤蚜种群密度,并提高葡萄根系活性氧清除能力和防御酶活性,缓解树势衰退。
【Objective】 Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid play an important role in plant defense-induced pest defense. The purpose of this study was to investigate the resistance of grapevine to phylloxera by salicylic acid and jasmonic acid. 【Method】 Potted Jufeng was used as test material to spray salicylic acid and jasmonic acid simultaneously with Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, and the effects on the growth and oviposition of phylloxera were evaluated and evaluated. Related enzymes [POD and CAT], malondialdehyde (MDA) content, shoot growth and photosynthetic rate. 【Result】 Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid treatment significantly reduced the number of nodules and the total number of 1 and 2 instar nymphs. After 35 d of inoculation, the number of larvae of nauplii decreased by 41.35% and 50.00%, respectively. And the total number of 2-instar nymphs decreased by 42.31% and 50.00%, respectively. The activities of POD and CAT in root system tended to increase firstly and then decreased, and the contents of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid Was higher than that of the control with aphids alone. The contents of MDA in the roots treated with salicylic acid and jasmonic acid were lower than those treated with the phylloxera inoculation only for each measurement period. Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid Growth and photosynthesis inhibition. On the 30th day after inoculation, the growth of aerial parts of plants treated with A. tumefaciens only decreased by 48.11% and the photosynthetic rate decreased by 58.77%, while the growth of shoots after salicylic acid and jasmonic acid treatment decreased by 31.57% and 25.71%, photosynthetic rate decreased by 32.89% and 24.67% respectively. 【Conclusion】 Leaf spraying with jasmonic acid and salicylic acid could reduce population density of phylloxera aphids and improve root exudative oxygen scavenging activity and defense enzyme activity, and alleviate the decline of tree vigor.