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[目的]分析一起学校甲型H1N1流感局部暴发的特点和原因,为制定学校甲型H1N1流感预防控制措施提供依据。[方法]按照卫生部办公厅《甲型H1N1流感流行病学调查和暴发疫情处理技术指南(试行)》和《甲型H1N1流感监测方案(第2版)》要求进行。[结果]本起疫情历时19d,全校累计发生急性发热呼吸道感染病例33例,罹患率为0.98%,确诊病例4例;病例主要集中在4个班,班级罹患率分别为15.49%、19.64%、6.94%和5.45%;男生、女生罹患率分别为1.09%、0.83%;主要临床症状发热100%、咳嗽51.52%、咽痛27.27%、流涕24.24%、鼻塞9.09%;采集鼻咽拭子9份,其中4例甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸阳性。[结论]此为一起由甲型H1N1流感病毒引起的学校局部流感暴发疫情,暴发原因主要为疫情报告迟缓,晨检制度不落实,隔离措施不彻底。
[Objective] To analyze the characteristics and causes of a local outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in schools and provide the basis for the development of prevention and control measures for Influenza A (H1N1) in schools. [Method] According to the requirements of Technical Guidelines for Epidemiological Investigation and Outbreak Treatment of Influenza A H1N1 (Trial) and Influenza A H1N1 Influenza Surveillance Program (2nd Edition) issued by General Office of Ministry of Public Health. [Results] The epidemic situation lasted 19 days. There were 33 cases of acute febrile respiratory infections in the whole school, the attack rate was 0.98%, 4 cases were diagnosed. The cases were mainly concentrated in 4 classes, the attack rates of classes were 15.49% and 19.64% 6.94% and 5.45%. The prevalence rates of boys and girls were 1.09% and 0.83% respectively. The main clinical symptoms were fever 100%, cough 51.52%, sore throat 27.27%, runny nose 24.24% and nasal obstruction 9.09% Four cases of influenza A (H1N1) virus were positive for nucleic acid. [Conclusion] This is an outbreak of local influenza outbreak caused by influenza A (H1N1) virus in schools. The main reasons for the outbreak were delayed reporting of epidemics, failure to implement the preliminary screening system and incomplete isolation measures.