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对４０例自发性气血胸患者施行剖胸手术，其中气胸２６例，血胸６例，血气胸８例。手术方式为肺大泡切除术和粘连带凝切术３５例，肺段、肺叶切除术各２例，全肺切除术１例；同期行肺纤维板剥脱术６例。全部病例均施行胸膜固定术。结果显示，自发性气血胸的主要致病原因是肺大泡破裂和（或）粘连带撕脱。本组除２例术后并发复张性肺水肿外，临床效果均满意，随访５年无复发者。提示９０％以上的自发性气血胸患者需行外科手术，根据原发病变采取相应的外科手段相当重要
Thoracotomy was performed on 40 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax, including 26 cases of pneumothorax, 6 cases of hemothorax and 8 cases of hemothorax. Thirty-five cases underwent surgery of alveolar septoplasty and adhesions, two cases of pulmonary segment and lobectomy, and one case of pneumonectomy. Six cases of pulmonary fibrosis were performed in the same period. All cases were performed pleurodesis. The results show that the main cause of spontaneous pneumothorax pneumoconiosis rupture and (or) avulsion adhesions. In addition to 2 cases of postoperative recurrent pulmonary edema, the clinical results were satisfactory, no recurrence of 5 years follow-up. Tip more than 90% of patients with spontaneous pneumothorax need surgery, according to the primary lesion to take the appropriate surgical means is very important