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在马克思主义发展史上,理论的辩争曾经在相当长的一段时间内表现出这样的状况:一些马克思主义者认为,那些并不是从马克思主义基本原理中产生的理论思想,从意识形态上说是资产阶级的;从理论方法上说是形而上学的。与此相反,非马克思主义者则认为马克思主义只是意识形态或“经济(基础)决定论”。西方马克思主义者现在开始改变这种态度在他们看来,马克思主义理论本身与其它理论思想并非割裂。马克思主义的理论特征并不单纯表现在它的理论领域(如社会、经济、历史等)上,更重要的是体现在认识和思想上它所运用的概念和范畴体系,因此对马克思的著作需要进行一番正本清源的学习。
In the history of the development of Marxism, the debate on theory has shown such a situation for a long period of time. Some Marxists think that those theoretical thoughts that are not derived from the basic tenets of Marxism are, ideologically, Bourgeois; metaphysical in theory. In contrast, non-Marxists regard Marxism as ideology or “economic (basic) determinism.” Western Marxists are now beginning to change that attitude. In their view, Marxist theory itself is not divided from other theoretical ideas. The theoretical characteristics of Marxism are not simply expressed in its theoretical fields (such as social, economic, historical, etc.), but more importantly, in the system of concepts and categories it applies to cognition and ideology. Therefore, it is necessary for Marx's writings Carry out some of the original Qingyuan learning.