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大洋彼岸的美国自20世纪60年代开启了土地管理的市场化路径,TDR(可移转发展权)交易制度勃兴,该制度如今更得到了世界各国的广泛认可。无独有偶,我国各地亦普遍开展了土地管理的市场化实践,这其中最为典型的是地票交易制度。虽然体制有别、环境各异,但是我国的地票交易制度与美国之TDR制度拥有相同的核心理念——将土地权利市场化,以及诸多共通之处。然而,众多非市场化的制度设计导致地票使用范围有限、市场空间狭小,而市场化又恰是美国TDR制度的优势。据此,以美国发展良好的TDR制度为鉴,为地票交易制度的完善提供理论支持,既是地票交易制度发展的可行路径,又是契合十八届三中全会“市场决定论”的理论选择。
The United States on the other side of the oceans has started the marketization of land management since the 1960s and the TDR (Removable Development Rights) trading system has boomed. The system is now widely recognized by all countries in the world. Coincidentally, all parts of our country also carry out the market practice of land management in general, of which the most typical is the ticket transaction system. Although different in system and in different environments, the land exchange transaction system in China has the same core concept as the TDR system in the United States - to market the land rights and many things in common. However, the design of many non-marketized systems has led to the limited use of tickets and the narrow market space, which is just the advantage of the TDR system in the United States. Therefore, drawing on the well-developed TDR system in the United States and providing theoretical support for the improvement of the ticket transaction system, it is both a viable route for the development of the ticket transaction system and a feasible way for the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee to “market determinism” The theoretical choice.