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100年来,人们对甲午战争的研究可谓汗牛充栋,其中的优秀成果不仅具有经得住时间考验的学术价值,而且对唤起中华民族的自强精神也发挥着巨大的作用。但也有少数研究呈现出一种为研究而研究的书斋气倾向,从而忘却了甲午战争研究所应当具备的特殊意味。例如,甲午战争何以爆发?这是最基本的研究课题,亦是后世之人真正地汲取历史教训的基本要求。然而由于附合乃至满足于公式化的理论模式,因而并未能得到令人满意的答案。曾有人将陷入过剩生产而困惑的日本纺织资本对朝鲜市场的要求作为战争的重要原因。但事实是产业革命以来日本对朝鲜的棉织品输出仅占日本对外输出的2％,对朝鲜输出的5％以下而已。因此可以肯定地说,纺织业界向海外膨胀的要求还远未达到策动战争的地步。亦有人将日本企图从朝鲜获得大米和大豆等作为战争的重要原因,李朝为此于1889年发布“防谷令”,禁止谷物输
For 100 years, there has been a lot of research on the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. The outstanding achievements among them have not only the academic value of standing the test of time, but also playing an enormous role in arousing the self-strengthening spirit of the Chinese nation. However, there are also a few studies that have shown a tendency to study for the study of books, thus oblivious to the special meaning that the Institute of Sino-Japanese War should have. For example, why the Sino-Japanese War broke out? This is the most basic research topic and is also the basic requirement for future generations to draw lessons from history. However, due to attachment or even content with the formulation of the theoretical model, and therefore did not get a satisfactory answer. Someone once believed that the demand of the Japanese textile capital in the North Korean market, which is trapped in surplus production, is an important reason for the war. But the fact is that since the Industrial Revolution Japan’s cotton exports to North Korea accounted for only 2% of Japan’s exports and only 5% of North Korea’s exports. Therefore, it can be said with certainty that the demand of the textile industry to expand overseas is far from reaching the war. Some people also made Japan’s attempt to obtain rice and soybeans from North Korea as an important reason for the war. The DPRK issued a “valley defense order” in 1889 and a ban on grain transportation