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日语能力考试作为检测日语学习者日语水平的考试,对于检测日语专业本科生的日语水平具有重大的意义。很多学生反映在日语一级能力测试中听力部分比较难从而影响了整体的考试成绩。根据国际交流基金会的例年统计数据可以得出:中国考生在日语能力考试中的“文字词汇”以及“阅读语法”部分的成绩远远高于欧美考生,但是,“听力”部分的得分却总是不尽如人意。可以说,中国学生学习日语的难点之一就在于“听力”。本文以中国日语专业的大学生为对象,主要以江苏师范大学日语专业的学生为例,对当前中国日语专业大学生在日语听力学习与应试中的难点进行剖析,集中探讨了听力薄弱的原因及提高听力能力的方法对策。具体以日语一级能力考试听力部分为着眼点,通过问卷调查对N1听力考试的实例进行了分析。经过调查分析,发现听力问题失分主要存在以下四点原因:1.无法把握数词尤其是时间数词;2.无法把握日语的口语形式;3.日语知识的不足;4.无法正确解答有关于日本生活方面的常识的听力问题以及缺乏捕捉重要信息的能力。针对这些失分的原因,笔者认为可以采取以下对策来提高听解能力:1.反复研究N1听力部分的真题并多做一些泛听练习;2.无论在课内还是课外都要重视日语语言知识的积累;3.进一步了解并掌握日语口语形式,做到口语书面语转化自如;4.掌握适合自己的速记法,又快又好的速记下听力内容中的重要部分。
The Japanese language proficiency test, as a test that tests the Japanese language proficiency of Japanese learners, is of great importance to the Japanese proficiency test of undergraduates in Japanese. Many students are reflected in the level of Japanese proficiency test listening part is more difficult to affect the overall test scores. According to the annual statistical data of the Foundation for International Exchanges, it can be concluded that the Chinese candidates’ performance in the Japanese language proficiency test is much higher than that of the European and American candidates in terms of “vocabulary” and “reading grammar.” However, Part of the score is always unsatisfactory. Can be said that one of the difficulties of Chinese students learning Japanese lies in “listening ”. This article takes Chinese students majoring in Japanese as subjects and mainly takes Japanese majors in Jiangsu Normal University as an example to analyze the current difficulties of Chinese Japanese major students in Japanese listening comprehension and exams, concentrating on the reasons for the weakness of listening comprehension and listening comprehension Method and method of ability. Taking the Listening Comprehension Part of Japanese Proficiency Test as a starting point, this paper analyzes the N1 Listening Test by questionnaire. After investigation and analysis, it is found that there are mainly four reasons for losing points in listening problems: 1. Failure to grasp numbers, especially time nouns; 2. Failure to grasp the spoken language form in Japanese; 3. Shortcomings in Japanese knowledge; 4. Failure to correctly answer Listening questions about Japanese common sense and lack of ability to capture important information. For these reasons, I think the following countermeasures can be taken to improve listening comprehension ability: 1.Read the questions of N1 listening part repeatedly and do more listening practice; 2. Pay attention to Japanese language knowledge both in class and in class 3. To understand and master the Japanese oral form further, so that oral written language can be transformed freely. 4. To master the shorthand method that suits your own, and to quickly and well record the important part of the listening content.