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目的调查邢台地区中小学生视力低下及其相关的影响因素,为预防与控制提供依据。方法对邢台地区10 822名中小学生进行裸眼视力检查和问卷调查。对相关的影响因素进行Logistic回归分析,率的比较应用χ2检验。结果邢台地区中小学生视力低下率为50.15%(5 427/10 822)。女生视力低下率为55.13%(2 882/5 228)高于男生的45.50%(2 545/5 594),差异有统计学意义(χ2=77.84,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=1.09)、年级段(OR=1.76)、有家族史(OR=2.01)、课间运动少(OR=1.50)、读写姿势不良(OR=1.65)、连续学习时间≥2 h/d(OR=2.18)、连续荧屏接触时间≥2 h/d(OR=2.31)、不注意用眼防护(OR=2.59)均是视力低下发生的危险因素。结论中小学生视力低下的发生受多种因素影响,其中,用眼习惯不良以及不注意用眼防护是独立的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the low vision of primary and high school students in Xingtai area and its influencing factors so as to provide basis for prevention and control. Methods A total of 10 822 primary and secondary school students in Xingtai district were examined by naked eyes and questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis was carried out on the related factors, and the rates were compared using χ2 test. Results The rate of vision loss in primary and secondary school students in Xingtai was 50.15% (5 427/10 822). The prevalence of vision loss was 55.13% (2 882/5 228) in girls and 45.50% (2 545/5 594) boys. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 77.84, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that family history (OR = 2.01), less exercise between classes (OR = 1.50), poor reading and writing status (OR = 1.65) (OR = 2.18), continuous screen contact time ≥2 h / d (OR = 2.31), and no attention to eye protection (OR = 2.59) were all risk factors for poor vision. Conclusions The incidence of poor eyesight in primary and secondary school students is affected by many factors. Among them, poor habits of eyes and unprotected eye protection are independent risk factors.