我国正处于社会转型时期,社会矛盾频发。群体性事件已经成为转型时期社会矛盾激发的主要表现形式。现有体制的“裂度”导致群体性事件成为民众维权的主要手段。以交易成本政治学分析抗争行为主体的划分,以及抗争民众的行为动机和特征,发现:利益相关群体需要承担大部分交易成本,因此抗争周期也是最长;机会主义群体只需承担小部分交易成本,他们的抗争周期较短,参与动机会逐渐减弱。政府应针对不同类型的群体采取不同的解决措施。 Our country is in a period of social transformation with frequent social conflicts. Group events have become the main form of social stimulus during the transition period. The “system” of the existing system has led to mass incidents as the main means of safeguarding people’s rights. Using transactional cost politics to analyze the division of the main body of the fight and the motives and characteristics of the fight against the public, we find that the stakeholders need to bear most of the transaction costs, so the fight cycle is also the longest; opportunist groups only need to bear a small part of the transaction costs Their fighting cycles are shorter and motivation for participation will diminish. The government should take different measures for different types of groups.