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如果你到过炼铝厂,一定会看到工厂周围到处都堆积着一些褐色或红褐色的“泥土”,这是从铝钒土中提取氧化铝以后剩下的废渣,俗称“红泥”。红泥——这种工业废物,其数量很多,仅我国贵州、郑州、山东的铝厂每年就要产生几十万吨。红泥的化学成分很复杂,除含Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3、SiO_2和CaO以外,还有其它许多种化学物质。在工业上,它几乎没有什么用处。而且,由于它含有10%左右的碱,还严重地污染农田和环境。许多年来,如何将红泥经济地利用起来,并消除它的危害,一直是一个棘手的问题。
If you’ve been to an aluminum smelter, you will surely see brown or reddish brown “earth” accumulating around the factory. This is the residue left after the alumina is removed from the bauxite, commonly known as “red mud.” Red mud - this kind of industrial waste, the large number of its own, only China’s Guizhou, Zhengzhou, Shandong’s aluminum plant will have to produce hundreds of thousands of tons per year. The chemical composition of red mud is very complex, in addition to containing Al 2 O 3, Fe 2 O 3, SiO 2 and CaO, there are many other kinds of chemical substances. In industry, it is almost useless. Moreover, it also seriously pollutes farmland and the environment because it contains about 10% of alkali. For many years, how to use red mud economically and eliminate its harm has always been a thorny issue.