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消化道出血在儿童较为常见,其出血原因众多,并随年龄变化而不同。大部分消化道出血通过常规内镜和影像学检查可探明原因,对于少部分不明原因消化道出血,尤其是经保守治疗没有明显效果或者反复出血而不明原因者,胃十二指肠镜、电子结肠镜与腹腔镜联合的“一站式”杂交诊治模式具有较高的临床应用价值。内镜止血微创有效,可针对出血原因尚不明确的病变进行取材活检。随着腔镜技术的进步,经脐单孔腹腔镜在小儿消化道出血中的应用逐渐增多,而对紧急情况下不能控制的大出血仍需积极手术探查。
Gastrointestinal bleeding is more common in children, bleeding for many reasons, and varies with age. Most of the gastrointestinal bleeding through conventional endoscopy and imaging studies can detect the reasons for a small number of unknown causes of gastrointestinal bleeding, especially after conservative treatment had no significant effect or repeated bleeding for unknown reasons, gastroduodenoscopy, Electronic colonoscopy combined with laparoscopy “one-stop ” hybridization diagnosis and treatment model has a high clinical value. Endoscopic minimally invasive hemostasis can be effective for the cause of the bleeding is not yet clear lesions taken biopsy. With the advancement of endoscopic technique, the application of single-hole transthoracic laparoscopy in pediatric gastrointestinal hemorrhage gradually increases, and active surgery is still needed for major uncontrollable bleeding in emergency situations.