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目的:探讨突发性聋平坦下降型与全聋型临床特征及实验室指标的异同。方法:对123例突发性聋全频听力下降患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,观察其中平坦下降型与全聋型患者在性别、年龄、患耳侧别、就诊时间、伴发症状(耳鸣、眩晕)、原有基础疾病(高血压、糖尿病)等临床特征及实验室指标(血小板、凝血系列、D-二聚体、血脂、血液流变学)方面的差异。结果:51例平坦下降型患者男女比例为2.401∶1,72例全聋型患者男女比例为1.058∶1,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者均以7d之内就诊居多,平坦下降型患者为66.7%,全聋型为83.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);平坦下降型患者伴眩晕仅35.3%,而全聋型高达70.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组在年龄分布、患耳侧别、是否伴耳鸣、原有基础疾病(高血压、糖尿病)方面均无差异(P>0.05)。在实验室指标方面,平坦下降型患者血小板、血小板压积低于全聋型患者(P<0.05),而活化部分凝血活酶时间高于全聋型患者(P<0.01),血小板和凝血系列其他指标以及D-二聚体、血脂、血液流变学各项化验数据在两组均无差异(P>0.05)。结论:突发性聋全聋型与平坦下降型相比,女性患病率高,更易伴发眩晕,7d内就诊率高,高凝状态者所占比例高。
Objective: To explore the similarities and differences between clinical features and laboratory indexes of sudden decline and flat deafness. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 123 cases of sudden hearing loss with full-range hearing loss. The data of gender, age, affected ear, treatment time, concomitant symptoms (tinnitus , Dizziness), clinical features such as underlying underlying disease (hypertension, diabetes) and laboratory parameters (platelets, coagulation series, D-dimer, lipids, and hemorheology). Results: The ratio of male to female in 51 cases with flat descending type was 2.401:1. The ratio of male to female in all 22 cases with deafness was 1.058: 1, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The two groups were mostly treated within 7 days, The percentage of patients with flat decline was 66.7% and that of total deaf was 83.3%, with a significant difference (P <0.05). The patients with flat decline had only 35.3% with vertigo, while those with full deafness reached 70.8%, the difference was statistically significant (P < P <0.01). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of age, affected ear, tinnitus, and underlying underlying diseases (hypertension, diabetes) (P> 0.05). In terms of laboratory parameters, the platelet-to-platelet pressure in patients with flat decline was lower than those in patients with total deafness (P <0.05), and the activated partial thromboplastin time was higher than those in patients with total deafness (P <0.01) Other indicators and D-dimer, blood lipids, hemorheology and other laboratory data in the two groups were no difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Compared with the flat decline type, the sudden deafness-full-deaf type has a higher prevalence and more frequent dizziness. The visiting rate within 7 days and the rate of hypercoagulation are high.