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肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)是以选择性的运动神经元丢失为特征的神经系统变性疾病,目前发病机制不清。星形胶质细胞(astrocytes)在ALS的发病机制中起到关键性作用,释放营养因子和清除突触间隙的谷氨酸,支持和保护运动神经元。星形胶质细胞活化后,其形态功能改变,以及它与运动神经元的相互作用发生紊乱,导致了运动神经元的死亡,加速了ALS的疾病进展。本文就星形胶质细胞与ALS的发病机制相关性做一综述。
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of selective motoneurons, and the current pathogenesis is unclear. Astrocytes play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of ALS, releasing trophic factors and clearance of glutamate in the synaptic cleft to support and protect motor neurons. Activation of astrocytes, the morphological changes, and its interaction with motor neurons disorder, leading to motor neuron death, accelerate the disease progression of ALS. This article reviews the relationship between the pathogenesis of astrocytes and ALS.