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目的探讨卡介苗(BCG)对啮齿类脑型疟疾(CM)的免疫保护效应。方法以伯氏疟原虫感染C57BL/6小鼠,3 d后接种BCG冻干粉(实验组),同时以未接种BCG的感染鼠为对照组,动态观察2组小鼠原虫血症水平和生存率;流式细胞术检测感染后第0、5、8 d小鼠脾细胞中CD4+CD69+T细胞和CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg的百分率;ELISA方法检测脾细胞培养上清中细胞因子水平。结果实验组小鼠原虫血症从第9 d开始逐渐增高,66.7%的小鼠一直存活到感染后第20 d;而对照组小鼠全部于感染后8～10 d死于CM;感染后第5和第8 d,实验组活化性T细胞百分数分别为15.45%和11.47%,IFN-γ水平分别为550.24和407.46 pg/mL,均明显低于对照组的17.74%和15.42%、709.48和600.37 pg/mL(均P<0.05);而调节性T细胞百分率分别为10.03%和15.18%,IL-10水平分别为930.48和265.87 pg/mL,均明显高于对照组的7.09%和11.77%、603.3和116.27 pg/mL(均P<0.05)。结论 BCG可通过下调炎性反应强度降低CM发生率并延长宿主存活期。
Objective To investigate the immunoprotective effect of BCG on rodent brain malaria (CM). Methods C57BL / 6 mice were infected with P. berghei and were inoculated with BCG freeze-dried powder (experimental group) after 3 days. The infected mice without BCG inoculation were used as control group to observe the level of parasitemia and survival The percentage of CD4 + CD69 + T cells and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Tregs in splenocytes of mice on day 0, 5 and 8 were detected by flow cytometry. The levels of cytokines . Results In the experimental group, parasitemia gradually increased from the 9th day, 66.7% of the mice survived until the 20th day after infection, while all mice in the control group died of CM 8-10 days after infection. 5 and 8 d, the percentage of activated T cells in experimental group was 15.45% and 11.47% respectively, and the levels of IFN-γ were 550.24 and 407.46 pg / mL, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of control group by 17.74% and 15.42%, 709.48 and 600.37 pg / mL (all P <0.05). The percentage of regulatory T cells was 10.03% and 15.18% respectively, and the levels of IL-10 were 930.48 and 265.87 pg / mL, which were significantly higher than 7.09% and 11.77% 603.3 and 116.27 pg / mL (all P <0.05). Conclusion BCG can reduce the incidence of CM and prolong the survival of the host by down-regulating the intensity of inflammatory reaction.