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分析玉米籽粒蛋白质、淀粉和油分含量的配合力效应。以10个普通玉米自交系为亲本,按照完全双列杂交设计组配90个杂交组合。2002年,所有亲本及杂交组合在北京、山西两地点进行田间试验。研究结果表明:各性状的一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)均方极显著,且GCA均方大于SCA均方,说明它们在遗传上主要受加性基因效应的影响。杂交种的3个品质性状与亲本GCA平均值和SCA极显著正相关,但与亲本GCA均值间的相关性相对较强,其相关系数(r)分别为0.708**(蛋白质)、0.756**(淀粉)和0.772**(油分),表明提高亲本GCA对改良杂交种品质具有更大的作用。自交系BT1和E28的蛋白质含量GCA较高;掖478、昌7-2、掖107和48-2的淀粉含量GCA较高;E28、黄C和P138的油分含量GCA较高。
Analysis of the combining effect of corn grain protein, starch and oil content. Ten common maize inbred lines were used as parents, and 90 hybrid combinations were designed according to complete double crosses. In 2002, all the parents and cross combinations were field tested in Beijing and Shanxi. The results showed that both the GCA and the SCA of the traits were highly significant, and the GCA mean square was larger than that of the SCA, indicating that they were mainly genetically affected by the additive gene effect. The three quality traits of hybrids were significantly and positively correlated with the average value of GCA and SCA, but the correlation with the average of GCA was relatively strong with correlation coefficients (r) of 0.708 ** (protein), 0.756 ** (Starch) and 0.772 ** (oil), indicating that increasing parent GCA has a greater effect on improving the quality of hybrids. GCA was higher in inbred lines BT1 and E28; GCA was higher in Ye 478, Chang 7-2, Ye 107 and 48-2; GCA was higher in E28, Huang C and P138.