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目的探讨高脂饲料与丙基硫氧嘧啶(丙硫)及维生素D_3(vitamin D_3,VD_3)对动脉粥样硬化大鼠主动脉瓣膜厚度的影响。方法 60只雌性SD大鼠分为高脂+丙硫+VD_3组、高脂+VD_3组、普食+VD_3组和普食组,每组15只。高脂+丙硫+VD_3组给予高脂+丙硫饲料,并于实验开始3d按70万u/kg的总剂量分次腹腔注射VD_3;高脂+VD_3组和普食+VD_3组分别给予高脂饲料、普通饲料,VD_3用法同前;普食组仅给予普通饲料喂养。干预4、8周时,各组SD大鼠主动脉均行组织病理学检查观察形态学改变情况,并测量主动脉瓣膜厚度。结果干预4周后,高脂+丙硫+VD_3组动脉粥样硬化模型建立成功;高脂+丙硫+VD_3组、高脂+VD_3组、普食+VD_3组和普食组SD大鼠主动脉瓣膜根部厚度[(297.6±37.2)、(311.8±35.1)、(333.8±29.3)、(307.0±38.0)μm]比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);高脂+丙硫+VD_3组瓣膜中部厚度[(119.3±23.8)μm]较高脂+VD_3组[(79.3±10.7)μm]、普食+VD_3组[(64.6±10.5)μm]和普食组[(59.5±8.3)μm]明显增厚(P<0.05),高脂+VD_3组较普食组增厚(P<0.05),与普食+VD_3组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);高脂+丙硫+VD_3组瓣膜远端厚度[(92.5±7.0)μm]大于高脂+VD_3组[(72.6±10.9)μm]和普食组[(48.5±11.9)μm](P<0.05),普食组低于普食+VD_3组[(82.6±8.5)μm]和其他2组(P<0.05);干预8周后,各组大鼠主动脉瓣根部厚度测量结果比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),高脂+丙硫+VD_3组瓣膜中部厚度[(127.5±20.4)μm)]较高脂+VD_3组[(87.8±13.8)μm]、普食+VD_3组[(76.8±7.8)μm]、普食组[(60.7±9.1)μm]明显增厚(P<0.05),普食组与其他各组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);普食组瓣膜远端厚度[(48.6±9.3)μm]明显低于普食+VD_3组[(83.1±8.7)μm]、高脂+VD_3组[(81.2±9.2)μm]和高脂+丙硫+VD_3组[(88.7±6.8)μm](P<0.05),高脂+丙硫+VD_3组瓣膜远端厚度与高脂+VD_3组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高脂饲料及维生素D_3对动脉粥样硬化模型SD大鼠主动脉瓣膜厚度均有影响,且添加丙硫的高脂饲料在短期内可使主动脉瓣膜明显增厚,该模型可应用于动脉瓣膜相关疾病的研究。
Objective To investigate the effects of high fat diet with propylthiouracil and vitamin D_3 (VD_3) on aortic valve thickness in atherosclerotic rats. Methods Sixty female SD rats were divided into high fat + propylthiol + VD_3 group, high fat + VD_3 group, general diet + VD_3 group and normal diet group, with 15 rats in each group. High-fat + propylthiol + VD_3 group were given high-fat + propidium-sulfur diet, and at the beginning of the experiment 3d by 700000 u / kg total dose of intraperitoneal injection of VD_3; high fat + VD_3 group and the general diet + VD_3 group were given high Fat feed, general feed, VD_3 usage the same as before; general diet group fed only ordinary feed. At 4 and 8 weeks after intervention, morphological changes of the aorta in each group were observed by histopathology, and the aortic valve thickness was measured. Results After intervention for 4 weeks, atherosclerosis model was successfully established in hyperlipoidemia + propylthiol + VD_3 group. High fat + propylthiol + VD_3 group, hyperlipidemia + VD_3 group, generalized + VD_3 group and normal control group There was no significant difference in the thickness of the root of the artery between the two groups (297.6 ± 37.2, 311.8 ± 35.1, 333.8 ± 29.3, 307.0 ± 38.0 μm, respectively) (P> 0.05) (119.3 ± 23.8) μm] were higher in the group of VD + 3 compared with those in the group of hyperlipemia + VD_3 [(79.3 ± 10.7) μm] (P <0.05). The hyperlipemia + VD_3 group was thicker than the normal group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the hyperlipidemia + VD_3 group and the normal control group (P> 0.05) The distal thickness of the valve with sulfur + VD_3 group was significantly higher than that of the hyperlipemia + VD_3 group [(92.5 ± 7.0) μm] [(72.6 ± 10.9) μm] and the normal group [(48.5 ± 11.9) μm] (82.6 ± 8.5) μm] and other two groups (P <0.05). After intervention for 8 weeks, there was no significant difference in aortic valve root thickness between the two groups (87.8 ± 13.8) μm] in the high-fat + prophylactic group and VD-3 group [(127.5 ± 20.4) μm] ) μm], general diet group [(6 0.7 ± 9.1) μm] (P <0.05). There was significant difference between the normal diet group and other groups (P <0.05). The thickness of the distal valve of the general diet group [(48.6 ± 9.3) μm ] Was significantly lower than that in the VD + 3 group [(83.1 ± 8.7) μm], hypercholesterolemia + VD 3 group [(81.2 ± 9.2) <0.05). There was no significant difference in the distal thickness between the hyperlipoidemia + prothiostan + VD_3 group and the hyperlipidemia + VD_3 group (P> 0.05). Conclusion High-fat diet and vitamin D 3 have effects on the aortic valve thickness in atherosclerotic SD rats, and high-fat diet supplemented with propylthiouracil can significantly thicken the aortic valve in a short term. This model can be applied to arterial Research on Valvular Diseases.