论文部分内容阅读
为西北1熟制灌区豆科/禾本科间作体系高产高效提供科学依据,于2007年在甘肃省农业科学院武威绿洲农业试验站设计了蚕豆/玉米间作体系的田间根系分隔试验,研究蚕豆/玉米2种作物间根系分隔和施氮对作物根系空间分布、根系形态的影响。采用根系行分隔法进行田间作物间根系分隔,并用根钻法采集根系。蚕豆和玉米根系主要分布分别在0~40 cm浅土层和0~60 cm土层,且间作玉米根系在60~120 cm比根系分隔的多,较深根系分布有利于玉米的后期竞争恢复生长。玉米根系可以占据蚕豆地下部空间,而蚕豆的根却较少到间作玉米的地下部空间。种间互作和施氮增加了玉米和蚕豆在纵向和横向2个尺度上的根重密度、根长密度、根表面积、根系体积。蚕豆玉米间作和施氮扩展了2种作物根系纵向和横向的空间生态位,改变了作物根系形态,从而增加了作物水分和养分吸收的有效空间。
In order to provide a scientific basis for the high yield and high efficiency of leguminous / gramineous intercropping system in a northwestern China, a field trial of faba bean / maize intercropping system was designed in 2007 in Wuwei Oasis Agricultural Experiment Station of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Effects of Root Segregation and Nitrogen Application on Crop Roots Spatial Distribution and Root Morphology. The root system was used to separate the roots of field crops and the root system was collected by root drilling. The main distribution of broad bean and maize roots was in 0-40 cm soil layer and 0-60 cm soil layer, respectively. The root system of intercropping corn was more separated than the root system at 60-120 cm. The deeper root system was beneficial to the later competition of maize . Maize roots can occupy the underground space of the faba bean, while the roots of the faba bean are less accessible to the underground space of intercrops. Interspecific interactions and nitrogen application increased the root density, root length, root surface area and root volume of maize and faba bean in two vertical and horizontal scales. Broad bean maize intercropping and nitrogen application expanded the longitudinal and lateral spatial niche of the two crop roots and changed the crop root morphology, which increased the effective space for crop water and nutrient absorption.