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维特根斯坦(Ludwig Wittgenstein)一生以《逻辑哲学论》和《哲学研究》为思想代表,他在二十年代初期在哲学界开始崭露头角,早年他师从罗素(Bertrand Russell),并受弗雷格(Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege)思想影响,成为分析哲学的先驱之一。后来他脱离了该哲学流派而成为自然语言哲学的主要代表,从形式语言回归到了自然语言的研究。本文拟对维特根斯坦一生的两种思想作阐述,以此了解现代逻辑学的发展脉络。
Ludwig Wittgenstein, whose life was represented by “logical philosophical theory” and “philosophical research”, began to emerge in the philosophical world in the early 1920’s. In his early years, he studied under Bertrand Russell and was influenced by Frege (Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege) ideas, as one of the pioneers of analytic philosophy. Later, he departed from the school of philosophy and became the main representative of natural language philosophy, returning from formal language to natural language research. This article intends to elaborate on Wittgenstein’s two thoughts in his lifetime and to understand the development of modern logic.