休谟是近代情感主义伦理思想的重要代表人物之一,他把《道德原则研究》称为自己“所有不论历史的,哲学的,或文学的著作中是无与伦比地最优秀的著作”。通过对伦理思想、感觉和行为进行考察,休谟认为人性中对道德起决定作用的基本倾向不是理性也不是单纯的感觉,而是情感。一、正义与休谟的正义理论在人类历史上,中西方的思想家对于正义,曾给出不同的理论定义,但至今莫衷一是。博登海默说:“正义有着一张普洛透斯的脸,变幻无常,随时可呈现不同形状并具有极不相同的 Hume is one of the most important representatives of modern emotional ethics. He refers to himself as ”one of the most outstanding books in history, philosophy, or literary works.“ Through the investigation of ethical thoughts, feelings and behaviors, Hume considers that the basic tendency of humanity to play a decisive role in morality is not rational nor simple feeling, but emotional. First, justice and Hume’s theory of justice In the history of mankind, Chinese and Western thinkers have given different definitions of the theory of justice, but so far. Bodenheimer said: ”Justice has a Ploysian face, fickle, ready to assume different shapes and have very different