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产业布局合理与否直接关系到全局经济效益和社会经济的发展。发达国家产业布局有下述特点: (一)需耗用大量能源、原料的重化工业逐渐摆脱资源产地的束缚而在异地布局。战后一些依靠海外原料及海上运输的大型炼油厂、钢铁厂、有色金属冶炼厂、电厂在非资源产地的沿海港口,或者可通过大型海轮的大江大河下游的沿岸港口附近大量出现。 (二)国际分工在深度和广度上的迅速发展,
Industrial distribution is directly related to the overall economic efficiency and social and economic development. Industrial layout in developed countries has the following characteristics: (A) require a lot of energy, raw materials, heavy chemical industry gradually get rid of the shackles of resources origin and layout in different places. After the war some large-scale refineries, steel mills, non-ferrous metal smelters, power plants that rely on overseas raw materials and maritime transportation, and coastal power ports that originate from non-resource sources, or coastal ports that can pass downstream of the major rivers of large seagoing vessels, have emerged in large numbers. (II) The rapid development of the international division of labor in depth and breadth,