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目的 探讨孝感市孝南区府河水域环境污染与螺情的关系 ,分析螺情变化的原因。方法 采集府河水质和土壤样本进行有关理化指标的检测和现场查螺 ,并对查螺资料与检测结果进行比较分析。结果 1996～ 2 0 0 2年孝南区府河卧龙潭 (上游 )、鲢鱼地 (中游 )、太平山 (下游 ) 3处水环境中超过国家三类水质标准 (国标 )的检测指标有氯化物、亚硝酸盐氮、氨氮、生化需氧量、氟化物、总磷等 ,且以 1996～ 1998年的有关指标浓度达高峰 ;2 0 0 1～ 2 0 0 2年土壤检测结果均未超过国家三级土壤标准 ;1998年前府河滩螺情变化不大 ,到 1999年钉螺自然死亡率显著升高 ,有的地块钉螺死亡率达 10 0 % ,2 0 0 0年至今府河滩均未发现活螺。结论 府河滩的螺情变化与其水环境污染有关 ,水质污染是导致府河螺情变化的主要原因之一。
Objective To explore the relationship between the environmental pollution and the snails in the Fuhe River watershed in Xiaonan City, Xiaogan City, and to analyze the causes of the snail’s changes. Methods The water quality and soil samples of Fu River were collected for the detection of physical and chemical indexes and on-site investigation, and comparative analysis of the investigation data and test results was carried out. Results In 1996 ~ 2002, the indexes that exceeded the national third-class water quality standards (GB) in the water environment of Fuhe Wolongtan (upstream), silver carp (middle reaches) and Taipingshan (downstream) Nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, biochemical oxygen demand, fluoride, total phosphorus and the like, and reached the peak at the relevant indicators from 1996 to 1998. The soil test results from 2001 to 2002 did not exceed National soil standards of three levels; before 1998, there was little change in river bank snails, and the natural mortality rate of Oncomelania in 1999 increased significantly. In some areas, the mortality rate of snails was 100%. In 2000, Found live snail. Conclusions The change of snails in Fuhe River is related to the pollution of water environment. Water pollution is one of the main reasons that lead to the change of Fuhe River.