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为探讨留茬和秸秆覆盖降低农田土壤风蚀的作用,采用二次回归通用旋转组合设计,在辽西风沙半干旱区开展了田间试验。结果表明:常规耕作的风蚀量高达15.74 t·hm-2,留茬高度和秸秆覆盖量对风蚀量有显著影响,且秸秆覆盖量对风蚀量的降低作用大于留茬高度。留茬高度和秸秆覆盖量的交互作用也显著影响风蚀量的变化。当留茬高于18.0 cm、秸秆覆盖量>2500.0 kg·hm-2时,土壤风蚀量降幅达54%以上。利用建立的风蚀量与留茬高度和秸秆覆盖量的回归模型优化得出,当留茬高度为33.9 cm、秸秆覆盖量为4255.7 kg·hm-2时,农田土壤风蚀量最小,仅为0.42 t·hm-2。
In order to investigate the effect of stubble and straw mulching on soil wind erosion reduction in farmland, a quadratic regression general rotation combination design was used to carry out field experiments in sandy semiarid areas of western Liaoning. The results showed that the wind erosion rate of conventional tillage was 15.74 t · hm-2, stubble height and straw mulching had significant effects on wind erosion, and the effect of straw mulching on wind erosion was greater than that of stubble. The interaction between stubble height and straw cover also significantly affected the change of wind erosion. When stubble was higher than 18.0 cm and straw mulching was more than 2500.0 kg · hm-2, the amount of wind erosion decreased by more than 54%. Using the established regression model of wind erosion and stubble height and straw coverage, the wind erosion amount of farmland was the smallest when the stubble height was 33.9 cm and straw cover was 4255.7 kg · hm-2, which was only 0.42 t · Hm-2.