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目的明确下颌处于不同矢状向位置时的牙形态,以及下颌矢状向位置与平面倾斜度的关系,为下颌矢状向位置异常患者的非手术正畸治疗提供策略依据。方法选取114例女性正畸患者治疗前的114张头影侧位片,根据ANB角的大小分为3组,每组各测量25项指标。对3组之间及两两组之间的差异进行方差分析和多重比较分析,对骨性指标与牙性指标的相关性进行直线相关分析。结果后牙平面(OP-P)倾斜度和上颌第二磨牙的垂直高度与下颌矢状向位置相关(P<0.05)。下颌后缩时,上颌第二磨牙垂直向萌出相对不足,OP-P倾斜度增加;下颌前伸时,上颌第二磨牙垂直向萌出相对过度,OP-P更平坦。当下颌处于不同位置时,牙轴近远中倾斜度有不同的代偿。下颌后缩患者上颌牙列牙轴远中倾斜,下颌牙列牙轴近中倾斜;下颌前突患者上颌牙列牙轴近中倾斜,下颌牙列牙轴远中倾斜。结论不同骨性环境下形态各有不同,正畸治疗下颌位置异常的患者时应重视后牙垂直高度的控制和对OP-P倾斜度的改变。
Objective To determine the shape of the dentition in the different sagittal positions of the mandible and the relationship between the sagittal position of the mandible and the inclination of the sagittal plane so as to provide a basis for the non-surgical orthodontic treatment of patients with abnormal position of the sagittal lower jaw. Methods A total of 114 cephalometric films of 114 female orthodontic patients before treatment were selected and divided into 3 groups according to the size of ANB angle. Each group measured 25 indexes. Analysis of variance and multiple comparisons of the differences among the three groups and between the two groups showed that the correlation between the skeletal index and the dental index was linear correlation analysis. Results The inclination of OP-P and the vertical height of maxillary second molar were correlated with sagittal position of mandibular (P <0.05). When the mandibular retrusion, the second mandibular molars perpendicular to the eruption is relatively insufficient, OP-P tilt increased; mandibular advance, the vertical distribution of the maxillary second molar euphoria, OP-P is more flat. When the mandible in a different position, the tooth axis tilt in the near and far have different compensation. Mandibular retraction patients with maxillary dentition mandibular oblique tilt, mandibular dentition dentition near tilt; mandibular prognathism in patients with maxillary dentition mandibular tilt, mandibular dentition distal tilt. Conclusions The morphological changes of in different bony environments are different. In orthodontic treatment of patients with abnormal mandibular position, the control of posterior vertical height and the change of OP-P inclination should be emphasized.