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目的 探讨老年人鼻出血的临床特征以及相关因素。方法 回顾性分析了１６２例老年鼻出血患者的资料，有高血压病史者１０２例，近期有上呼吸道感染史者１１例；有糖尿病史者３例；原因不明者２５例。鼻腔后部出血８７例（５３．７％），鼻中隔前部出血３８例（２３．５％），鼻腔中部出血２７例（１６．７％），广泛性出血１０例（６．２％）。结果 行前鼻孔填塞７５例，３９例有效（５２％），对前鼻孔填塞无效或鼻腔后部出血者行前后鼻孔填塞９５例，局部烧灼、冷冻２８例，无严重并发症发生。结论 老年人鼻出血大部分是由全身疾病所引起，高血压病是最常见的病因。鼻腔填塞或前后鼻孔填塞仍是局部止血的有效方法，但应同时治疗全身疾病。
Objective To investigate the clinical features and related factors of nosebleed in the elderly. Methods A retrospective analysis of 162 cases of elderly patients with epistaxis in 102 cases of history of hypertension, recent history of upper respiratory tract infection in 11 cases; 3 cases of history of diabetes; 25 cases of unknown cause. Nasal hemorrhage in the rear of the nasal cavity occurred in 87 (53.7%), nasal septum hemorrhage in 38 (23.5%), nasal hemorrhage in 27 (16.7%) and extensive bleeding in 10 (6.2%). Results Before operation, there were 75 cases of nasal packing, 39 cases were effective (52%). There were 95 cases of nostril stuffing before or after the nasal packing. There were 28 cases of local cauterization and freezing, without serious complication. Conclusion Most of the elderly nosebleed is caused by systemic diseases, and hypertension is the most common cause. Nasal packing or nostril packing is still an effective method of local hemostasis, but systemic disease should be treated at the same time.