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目的了解龙口市尘肺发病特征及规律,建立全市尘肺病例数据库,为尘肺防控提供科学依据。方法利用历年来登记的数据资料,运用流行病学方法分析龙口市尘肺的流行特征。结果龙口市尘肺病例以I期尘肺为主,种类以矽肺和煤工尘肺为主。不同行业尘肺患病构成比不同,煤炭行业和冶金行业所占比重较大。尘肺病的初诊年龄以4 1~6 0岁居多,多数患者接尘工龄在1 0年以上。尘肺合并肺结核率为2.3 4%。结论龙口市应以I期矽肺为防治重点,加强煤炭及冶金等行业职业卫生监管,改善防尘设施,提高个体防护意识,有效控制和预防尘肺病的发生。
Objective To understand the characteristics and rules of pneumoconiosis in Longkou City and establish a database of pneumoconiosis cases in the city to provide a scientific basis for pneumoconiosis prevention and control. Methods Using the data recorded over the years, epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Longkou City. Results Pulmonary pneumoconiosis in Longkou City was mainly stage I pneumoconiosis, with silicosis and coal worker’s pneumoconiosis as the main types. Pneumoconiosis composition in different industries is different, the coal industry and the metallurgical industry share a larger proportion. The initial diagnosis of pneumoconiosis was mostly in the range of 41 to 60 years old, and the majority of patients were exposed to dust over 10 years of age. Pneumoconiosis with pulmonary tuberculosis rate of 2.3 4%. Conclusion Longkou should take Phase I silicosis as the focus of prevention and treatment, strengthen occupational health supervision in coal and metallurgy industries, improve dust prevention facilities, raise awareness of individual protection and effectively control and prevent pneumoconiosis.